Time：2023-04-01 12:47:46 source：psychiatricethics.com author：Emergency treatment Read：496次

What is Parkinson's, what are the symptoms, and what you should know about the elderly

Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease, and it is also a common disease in the elderly. The main pathological change in Parkinson's disease is the degeneration and death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain, which leads to a significant decrease in the content of DA in the striatum and causes the disease. At present, the exact cause of this pathological change is still unclear, and there are many factors that may be involved. The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease vary from person to person. The most prominent symptoms are: resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural gait disturbance, and may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as depression, constipation, sleep Non-motor symptoms such as impairment and autonomic dysfunction.

Typical symptoms fall into two broad categories, motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms.

Motor symptoms: 1. Resting tremor: It is usually the first symptom, most of which start at the distal part of one upper limb, and appear in the resting position. When the disease occurs, there will be a "pilling-like" movement between the thumb and the flexed index finger. 2. Myotonia: The limbs will appear in a state similar to bending a soft lead tube - lead tube-like rigidity. In the presence of resting tremors, there may also be intermittent tremors, like turning gears, called "gear stiffness". In severe cases, there may even be special flexion positions or postures, and even life cannot take care of itself. 3. Slow movement: In the early stage, there will be slow movements of the fingers, such as unbuttoning or buttoning buttons, untying shoelaces, etc. These movements are the most obvious. 4. Postural balance disorder: It is difficult to stand up, and it is easy to fall down. Sometimes after taking a step, you will walk faster and faster at a very small pace and you cannot stop the pace in time. This condition is called a forward step or a panic gait, which usually occurs in the middle and late symptoms. Non-motor symptoms: 1. Sensory disturbance: There may be a phenomenon of hyposmia, and with the extension of the disease, it may also be accompanied by limb numbness and pain. 2. Disorders of sleep: sleep more at night, and may often have loud shouting and body movements in the middle of the night. 3. Disorders of autonomic nerve function: Symptoms such as constipation, sweating, urination disturbance, and orthostatic hypotension may occur. 4. Mental disorders: Many Parkinson's patients may be accompanied by depression, and often accompanied by anxiety. And in late Parkinson's disease may also appear a cognitive impairment, even a phenomenon of dementia. The most common mental disorder is visual hallucinations, or hallucinations. There is currently no cure for the chronic disease of Parkinson's, but it does not mean that we can give up directly. At present, we can help alleviate the disease through early detection, early treatment, and active treatment, maintain a positive attitude, and face tomorrow with an optimistic psychological mood. If you have any questions that you don't understand, you can click on my avatar to follow me, and send me a private message. I will reply one by one when I see it. See you in the next issue.

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