Time：2023-03-28 01:01:06 source：psychiatricethics.com author：Public activities Read：936次

What are the psychotherapies for anxiety disorders? What are their advantages?

Although drugs can effectively treat anxiety disorders, the efficacy of drug treatment may disappear quickly after drug withdrawal. Even if many patients successfully control their symptoms with drugs, their symptoms recur one after another after drug withdrawal. That is to say, Medications can only control symptoms, not completely cure anxiety. More and more studies have shown that through various well-arranged psychotherapy, combined with drug treatment, the effect is better than the use of drugs alone, especially hypnotherapy, which can greatly improve anxiety, and, The curative effect is more durable than drug treatment. After stopping the drug, the patient can maintain a longer period of time without the disease, and even if the disease occurs, the symptoms are relatively mild. However, psychotherapy also has its shortcomings. The most obvious one is that it is time-consuming. For some traditional psychotherapy, such as psychoanalysis, patients often have to spend a year or two in regular treatment, which costs a lot of money. In exchange for a more satisfactory effect. In order to improve these problems, some new treatment models have been proposed, such as treatment based on behavioral theory and cognitive behavioral theory, etc., patients can obtain good results in a short period of time. In addition, the development of group therapy has also changed the original concept of treatment, allowing more options for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Supportive Psychotherapy Supportive Psychotherapy is the most basic form of psychotherapy. Its main purpose is to support the patient through the assistance of the therapist, so that the patient can safely pass through life crises, adapt to difficulties, and reduce anxiety. The first principle of supportive psychotherapy is to establish a therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the person being treated, through which emotional support and cognitive revision are given to the patient. Second is listening. The therapist can act as a good listener, using empathy appropriately, that is, seeing the world through the patient's eyes, seeing how deeply the patient is in trouble, and then responding. The therapist does not need to rush to convince the patient, nor does it require the patient to change quickly. Just listening is enough to express the patient's emotions. Then there is the explanation. Through the professional knowledge and experience of the therapist, the experience of the patient is reorganized, explained and clarified. This can help patients re-look at things and face problems in a more positive, positive way. In addition to the therapeutic relationship, listening, and interpretation, the therapist can be more active in helping the patient, such as advising the patient to change the environment, training their habits, or asking the patient to control their bad behavior, but these depend on the patient's motivation and cooperation. Muscle Relaxation Techniques The theory of muscle relaxation techniques was first based on Dr. Jackson's theory. He believes that the brain and muscles are linked. Anxiety can make muscles tight, and tight muscles can make you more anxious. If we can find ways to relax our muscles, our anxiety will also decrease. But here's the problem: Most people don't know if their muscles are tight or loose, let alone how to control them. So Dr. Jackson developed a series of exercises to teach people how to relax their muscles. The process is by consciously tightening a certain part of the muscle and then relaxing it. It is during the tension-relaxation process that people understand their muscle tension and how to relax them. However, this movement is not achieved overnight, it must be done through repeated practice. Relax one part of the muscle at a time, then switch to other muscles, practice every day, and experience it carefully. Practitioners can practice the muscles of various parts of the body in sequence according to the instructions of the tape. Hypnotherapy Therapy Hypnotherapy generally refers to hypnotherapy, which is the application of hypnotherapy in clinical work and one of many psychotherapy methods. A psychiatrist who masters hypnotherapy can cure many intractable diseases and disorders without drugs, including psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, fear, obsessive-compulsive, hysteria, etc., and disorders such as sleep disorders, eating disorders, sexual dysfunction, high blood pressure, diabetes Physical disorders such as obesity, chronic fatigue syndrome, and behavioral disorders such as aversion to school, impulsivity, stuttering, various addictive behaviors, and bad habits. Physiological feedback method Physiological feedback method is a derivative of behavior theory. The theoretical basis is that as long as people can recognize changes in their own physiological phenomena, people can learn how to control them through trial and error learning. Generally, various instruments and equipment are used to quantify human heartbeat, skin temperature, brain waves, blood pressure, breathing, etc. into data, and then the data is responded to the patient through audio-visual equipment, and the patient can gradually learn how to control them. Systematic Desensitization Systemic desensitization is also a treatment method derived from behavioral theory. At the beginning of therapy, the therapist talks with the patient to understand the specific situation of their fear. The patient was then taught how to relax, known as relaxation techniques, and asked to practice it for thirty minutes a day. Then, start to develop a hierarchy of anxiety events, and make a series of lists of various anxiety-causing situations, from the mildest anxiety events to the most serious anxiety events. After that, start practicing with the mildest incident of anxiety. The therapist may ask the patient to start a relaxation exercise and then visualize the anxious event - if the patient remains relaxed, follow the hierarchy to practice the higher level anxiety event; if the patient begins to feel anxious, temporarily suspend and re-instruct The patient relaxes, and when they are relaxed, practice again. In this way, each layer of obstacles is overcome step by step. In the end, even the most severe anxiety event can be overcome, and the treatment is over. Flood Method Flood method and systematic desensitization method are also techniques of the behavioral therapy school. Whereas the systematic desensitization method is to gradually give different levels of anxiety events, the flood law is to give the most intense anxiety events in one breath, and then let the patient's anxiety peak. In this way, the patient's tolerance for anxiety events is trained, and when the patient encounters a relatively mild anxiety event, he will no longer feel so anxious. But the flood method is a more intense form of treatment. You must have a very strong motivation, otherwise you may be too scared to go again after receiving a treatment. Interrupted Thinking This method is often used to treat obsessive thoughts in OCD. The first is to let the patient relax first, let the mind be full of obsessive thoughts, but do not need to fight, that is: do not rush to stop these thoughts. When the intensity of the obsessional thoughts in the brain reaches its peak, the therapist suddenly shouts, "Stop!" and the patient has to stop these thoughts. These procedures can be augmented with reverse or painful stimulation, such as flicking one's own wrist with a rubber band when the therapist yells to stop. With repeated practice, eventually, the patient learns how to stop these unpleasant compulsions on their own. Cognitive behavioral therapy The basic theory of cognitive behavioral therapy believes that emotional distress, such as anxiety, depression, etc., often comes from irrational thinking products. People tend to be overly reckless in believing certain things and are thus disturbed by those beliefs. It is not the things themselves that really cause suffering, but the beliefs about them. Therefore, looking at the same thing with a positive attitude and looking at it with a negative attitude will have different results. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is about making patients aware of how they view things in an incorrect manner, and how they are affected by these false beliefs and thus troubled. The therapist then asks the patient to attack these false beliefs and challenge these irrational thoughts. Through continuous efforts, the wrong beliefs are shaken, and the patient re-establishes the right beliefs, and then the distress will be lessened. The above is a brief introduction to various psychotherapeutic models commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, each treatment mode has its theoretical basis. Because there are many treatment modes, we only introduce some efficient and suitable treatment modes for anxiety disorders. If you are interested, you can consult your psychiatrist, or privately contact us to obtain answer. The original text is from Professor Rong Xinqi's Hypnotic Psychology Studio. If you need to reprint, please obtain permission and indicate the source. If you have any questions, you can click on the avatar to send a private message.

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